Friends of the Environment

Abaco, Bahamas

Invasive Australian Pine

The Australian Pine (Casuarina equisetifolia) originated in Australia, Malaysia and Southern Asia. It was introduced in this part of the world in the 1800's. It is not a true pine tree. It is a fast growing invasive weed with very shallow roots. It is a single-trucked pine like tree with grey-green jointed branches that resemble pine needles.

These tall trees block out sunlight from reaching the ground and creating a shady under story in which native plants must struggle to survive. This lack of under story plants reducing the nesting area of shorebirds.

It can grow up to 150 tall and once it is established, it's fallen leaves release chemicals that sterilize the soil, making it impossible for most other plants to grow there.

Native animals and insects suffer too. The pines displace the native species of food and they do not produce anything the native species can eat. Endangered sea turtles are also affected because the pines destroy their nesting habitats.

Cutting Down the Australian Pine

(Casuarina ssp)

When cut down, the Australian Pine will re-sprout unless chemically treated. The most effective chemical treatment is to paint the tree stump with 100% Garlon 3A. This will prevent re-sprouting.

More info about this process and Garlon 3A

Despite all it's undesirable qualities, the Australian Pine does have some good uses. It is good for pilings, beams, boat building, electric poles, fences, furniture, gates, and rafters, roofing shingles, tool handles, wagon wheels and yokes. Cattle, goats and sheep have been known to graze on it and its ground foliage has been used as an ingredient in chicken feed. Medicinally, it has been used as a laxative and a tonic for other ailments.

Alternative Native Trees and Shrubs

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